Factor Affecting Organizational Behavior - 2103 Words

MACRO-ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR BUS 765 Facilitator: Harry J. Bury, Ph.D. Office: (216) 826-2395 Home: (216) 891-9517 E MAIL: hbury@bw.edu Website: http://homepages.bw.edu/~hbury The macro-perspective provides a broader view of organizational effectiveness by dealing with the major sub-units of the organization rather than individuals and small groups. This perspective deals with employee behavior as well as with overall design of the organization, efficiency, and adaptation to the environment. The macro-route to organizational change includes design of individual roles and organizational structures, relationships among roles, control systems, and†¦show more content†¦Using information from Chapter 21, redesign their workgroups jobs for the purpose of increasing performance and intrinsic motivation. Return to the workgroup and share your new design with both the workers and the supervisor separately and be attentive to their feedback. Capture the learning from this entire experience in a paper of about 3 to 4 pages and be prepared to present your findings to the class. Everyone attending every class meeting will have two points added to the final grade. If one misses a class, two points will be deducted from the final grade unless one watches an assigned video and write a paper. This is not punishment. It is an opportunity to get one’s money’s worth by added learning. All team members will receive the same grade for the company research project. The same for the two person facilitation project. In addition, both the quality of the content as well as the spirit of the contributions are significant variables in grading. A+ = 99 to 100% Facilitator Project First Learning Opportunity, 50% A = 94 to 98% Company Research Second Learning Opportunity, 30% A- = 90 to 93% Third Learning Opportunity and Participation each 10% B+ = 87 to 89% B =Show MoreRelatedOrganizational behavior1577 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Behavior: An Analysis of Helm Fire and Rescue Company Introduction Organizational Behavior is referred to as the study of individuals and their relative behavior subject to the existing organizational environment. The concept applies in a diverse workplace setting in different ways and had diverse impacts to the organization. Organizational behavior field includes communication, sociology, psychology, and management. 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In case you forget Free Essays

string(63) " out all the pain, that as a soldier he was trained to ignore\." There was death at the start, just as there was death at the end. Though whether a fleeting wisp of this crossed the Irishman’s dreams and shook him awake on this least likely of mornings, he would never know. All he knew that when he opened his eyes that the world was somehow changed. We will write a custom essay sample on In case you forget or any similar topic only for you Order Now As always the first thought that come to his head was the quick, searing hope that the last eight weeks had never happened. But as he saw the pale morning light filtering through her curtains, reality hit him with an icy certainty-Aileen was dead, and it was his entire fault. He looked at his alarm clock; 7:00 shone angrily at him in red, making him turn back to the wall. It beeped impatiently at him, and it was that, not the cold, which finally gave him the thought to give up his worthy fight and struggle out of bed. He breathed in the faint lingering smell of musty perfume. Photos of horses stared down at him from the walls. He was in his wife’s room. A coat was slung over the chair where Aileen had left that morning of the accident. The hairbrush of the table was coated in a fine layer of dust, a few blonde hairs clinging to the bristles. Nothing in the room had changed for four weeks, not since the day Aileen Flaherty died. At the sight of the familiar things, his stomach twisted. He glanced at the photo of him and her. Pat and Allie. Patrick Harper and Aileen Flaherty. Sergeant Major and Horse whisperer. Mr and Mrs Patrick Harper. Husband and wife. There were tears in his eyes, which he reckoned was from the dust in the room. He got dressed. His kharki and olive uniform was oddly loose after the tight dress uniform of the funeral. Harper gazed in the mirror. Everything was to military precision. His blue eyes had not lost the desperation and soulessness that the dark alleyways of Dublin required. He picked up his rifle and placed a finger in a notch of unpolished metal. It was this small dip, in the butt of the gun, which gave Patrick Harper the small amount of Gaelic luck, which soldiers said was invincible. He just wanted to get out of this room. It was too much to bear; knowing that Allie was never coming back. A small silver locket was worn around his throat. It had saved the sergeant-major’s life once, a stranger had fired across the street and the tall Irishman shivered at the thought of what would have happened if the precious metal heart had not been attached around his neck. A small photo of his soul mate was in it, and he was suddenly angry that he had it. He made a mental note to take it off later. The week that had followed Aillie’s death had been a blur, and for him it was probably best that it had remained like that. For days he had been almost catatonic. The Latin words had washed meaninglessly over him and he read, dry-eyed, over and over her name and date of birth and death. And still tears would not come. He wanted to cry, he really did, but something was stopping him. He could only think of the blood on her neck which looked like a necklace of broken rubies and that he had noticed irrelevantly that red didn’t not suit her and he made a note not to buy her a ruby necklace for her birthday. He had felt the sting of tears as he knelt beside her and held the silent, still warm body that he most loved in the world and had cried out inside at his own brutality. Her warmth would fade just as the memory of her would fade and he would forget the character that gave this exquisite creature life and love. She would exist now only in his memory and of those of who had known her best. She had given herself to him and never doubted the decision, unlike him. And now he had killed her. It should have been himself who had been caught in the blast, he who died, not this and his grief was formless, incoherent, a pain of betrayed love. The war-lord had not even noticed the girl in Harper’s arms. ‘Congratulations. You did it.’ He had done it so that he could free Ireland and St Patrick. He had done it so that innocent blood had been spilt on the pavement. He had done it so that he could feel a pain, so great, that he would never feel it again. They had then given him thirty silver coins, for his service to Ireland. Five pounds fifty in change, exactly. Every one of those thirty pieces of silver to him was blood money. Blood that was still fresh on his hands and would remain so for evermore. Sometimes he would wake up and feel happy and then he would see the blank postcard on the desk, still franked, but it meant that someone close had died for his or her country. Then the happiness went. Sometimes he would see her in the street and his heart leaped. Then the knowledge that she no longer existed would sink in. It was the training day of the recruits that had brought about the change. The sergeant- major had stabbed his bayonet repeatedly into the belly of the straw bales dressed in the uniform of English paratroopers. He had lost his humanity then, humanity that Allie had unearthed during their married years. He had felt the tears coming to his eyes. Tears of guilt and anger, no longer held back by the crushing weight of guilt, flooded over his cheeks. It unlocked a sluice gate inside of him and for two weeks he wept and let out all the pain, that as a soldier he was trained to ignore. You read "In case you forget" in category "Papers" He could have drowned himself in the salty water that was not rain. But in the calm aftermath, Harper took stock and decided to survive. In that moment he had became an adult. You could see it when he didn’t know he was being watched, and from his eyes glittered a sad and old Gaelic magic, as old as time itself. Patrick Harper opened his diary. It was April the 12th, six weeks since the bomb had been secretly planted and with it buried the bloodied remains of his spouse’s body. That was strange. April was already a dozen days old, Allie’s death already eight weeks in the past. He had marked with a pencil March the twenty-fourth to the first of April because that was when he had expected his first child. He remembered how the bloom of pregnancy was in her and how beautiful she had looked in those heavy months. He looked at the chair, in which she had sat and told him about his child and he had held her, speechless. His child. He had been so happy then. There was no joy now. The rifle was thrown down because he did not want to hold a killing machine any longer. As a top marksman he had spilt enough innocent blood. Much more than he could count. He checked his wallet. A library card that expired today, but he had not the heart or the energy to renew it. Aillie had encouraged him to read, to take his mind off what he knew she knew that he had done the whole day. She had kept silent on the whole issue, but he knew that she didn’t approve. He had read just to keep her happy, but in the week before the accident he had taken to reading her the story of Macbeth. The man who had killed to get what he had wanted, lost his humanity, and could not back out. In the end it had destroyed him. He remembered that Lady Macbeth went mad from the blood on her hands. That there was a darkness in her that she could not escape. Perhaps there was a darkness in him too. There was a shopping list in there too, which she had typed up so that he could go and get something to eat. She had said that she was coming in a bit later as she had to check up on the horses at the stables. She had never come home. He had ripped it into three pieces, because he thought it not worthy of her. He had saved a piece, the only bit where her actual handwriting was shown and he pulled it out now and marvelled that he had never actually seen her own scruffy hand until after her death. His hand carefully placed the relic back into his wallet along with the library card, the pocket diary and the thirty silver coins that he had yet to summon the courage to either ignore or destroy them. The cuckoo clock on the wall opened its tiny wooden doors and the cheerful little bird popped out announcing that it was half past seven. It was always late and Harper automatically checked the time on his own analogue watch, without realising that it had already stopped working on the twenty-second of March. The day his world stood still. Harper reckoned it was the blast that had destroyed the mainspring. But he had taken it along to the fixing shop anyway and had said that it had fallen off the table onto the floor. No one noticed the lie, nor the pricking of tears that covered up the real truth. He had wanted to tell them the truth, to shrug off the awful weight of his conscience, but there was a lady behind him. They could not fix it and told him that it was a lost cause and also asked him if he was sure if it had fallen onto the table as surely a greater force had broken it. He answered curtly that he had an extremely hard floor and the case was left as that, as no one dared cross the tall man with dried blood on his shirt. It was getting light and he knew that he should have left the house by this time. It was a dangerous time to be out on the streets and alleyways at dawn. The bright light, fierce and orange, made it hard to see the camouflaged barrels of guns and the dark green uniforms of British riflemen. He checked his pockets for any spare ammunition, bandages and anything else that might come in useful if a vengeful enemy was on the prowl. Emptied out onto the table, the pockets produced a piece of string, a couple of Irish punts, a small shiny paperclip, a chewed pencil and a piece of paper which a sketchy map had been scrawled on. He screwed the map up and threw it away. The other objects, he decided, were not of any use so he left them on the dresser next to the blank postcard. Harper took the thin rectangular card in his hand. The Irishman took one look at it and stashed it irritably into his pocket, so that he would not have to go through the torture of seeing it every morning. He would burn it later. A bunch of keys, all shapes and sizes, hung by the bedroom door. He plucked them from their resting-place, wanting to keep his hands and mind busy so as not to dwell on the bitterness inside of him. There was the front door key, the back door key, and the key to the small battered car of his that was collecting dust in the garage. There was also a group of strange shaped keys, their handle diamond shaped instead of the regular circular ones. They called up a distant memory in him, the faded pictures in his mind kept in rhythm with the metallic jangle of their knocking together. He still could not think what they were for, and so not wanting to annoy himself any longer he freed them from the main group and put those in his pocket too. Subconsciously he knew that he was taking them with him because they were connected with Allie’s mortise lock, which she had put absolute faith in. It did not matter that their house had been burgled three times in a row, she still insisted that the rusty metal clump remain on the door. They had had their first argument over that lock and Allie had thrown a book at him, cutting his cheek and leaving a small scar. Harper had been the stock of jokes from the soldiers for a few weeks after that. He did not care. He was lucky. He had Allie. They were in it together. The mirror, from which he still had not moved, glittered in the light. It made his uniform look grey. His eyes were grey. His heart was grey. A shadow of his former personality. He was glad Aileen could not of seen him now. She wouldn’t have even recognised him. ****** Blood pounded in his head, his breath rasped in his chest. The rifle on his back thumped on his spine, the metal foresight dug into his skin. It slipped into the hinge of his elbow with the rhythm of his feet, which slipped on the slushy cat-ice. Harper and Liam Kelly dived into the relative shelter of a brick corner. Bullets ricocheted, taking pieces of brick and dust off the wall. Hot air seared past their pulsing cheeks, tiny metal balls, so destructive, slapped into the pavement, inches away from their feet. The sergeant and the private loaded quickly, knowing every second the procedure took, minutes were stole from their lives. Instinct took over, the movements refined by practice and desperation. There was no time to think about what happened next; to the best fighters, it came as a second nature. Harper touched the familiar small island of unpolished metal, something to fight against the curse of bad luck. Kelly saw his friend feel the small dip in the rifle’s butt, and he knew that the sergeant’s keen mind was already at work. He had bruised his shoulder and had twisted his ankle on the sloppy slush, but that was all. He could see the pink in the snow, the pigment caused by the fresh blood of his comrade’s. Worst of all was the sound of their screams, a sound that he had heard many times before, but now it seemed to have been magnified a hundredfold. Now Harper turned and worked his way around the wall again, giving space to the flickering bullets, Kelly supposed so as not to drive them nearer to the young fresh teenagers, who hid round the opposite corner. He stopped and looked at Kelly and then called out to him. ‘Stay there Liam. Don’t move.’ Then without any sign of fear, he walked towards the men in the green uniforms of British Riflemen. Kelly could see his lips moving, but he could not hear the words over the sharp, snapping retort of the rifles. Perhaps he was praying, or maybe not at all. He did not stop until he was right up to them and only then did they seem to register his tall looming presence. Liam saw him reach for a screaming horse’s bridle and grip them hard. With a firm hand, ignoring the slapping bullets by his face, he pulled the bay mare off her hind legs. Then he slapped her hard on the rump and sent her away. Thus cheated of their game, the Rifleman turned their attention to the tall Irishman. The picture of what followed stayed with every man and women on the street till the day they died. And never would they know for sure what had happened. The platoon of green-jackets wheeled to their left, sending beautiful, crystal shards of snow and slush up into the air. For a moment they appeared not to know what to make of the man who stood undaunted before them. What was certain was that Harper could have walked away. Two or three steps to the side could have denied the British the glory of another Irish death. The Riflemen, so Kelly believed, would simply have let him be gone, where others had led. Instead, Harper stepped towards them. The moment he moved, as he must have foreseen, the Rifles snapped into action. And even now, Harper could have stepped away. He knew where the guns would fire, what was happening inside the mechanics of them and why, before it even knew itself. Yet on this day, he neither dodged nor ducked nor even flinched, and, once more, walked forward. Harper could hear Aileens voice calling out his name. ‘I’m here.’ He whispered ‘What is it?’ The group of green jackets raised the barrels, the light reflecting off the metal onto the snow. They licked their lips and they lined up the foresight onto the lone solitary target. At this distance they could not miss. The settling snow was still too thick for Kelly to be sure, but he thought he saw Harper open his hands a touch and, in a movement so flowing that he may of imagined it, showed the British his open palms. It was as though the Irishman was offering something and perhaps it was what he had always wanted to offer the gift of friendship and peace. But although he would never from this day forth mention the thought to anyone, Kelly had a vivid impression that it was otherwise and that Harper, without fear or despair, was somehow offering himself. ‘I’m here. What is it?’ And then he knew. ******* They buried Patrick Harper by Aileen. The intention was to keep the funeral small and for family only, but on the day about one hundred people came, touched by the actions of the tall, handsome soldier in the white-sugared street. There was room for only a few in the small but ornate Catholic Church, so they threw open the doors and people watched from outside where cherry blossom danced and cartwheeled in the small breeze. He was found, lying there, a tiny smile on his face, motionless on the snowy carpet. It eyes were loosely shut as if he were sleeping peacefully. They typed this up on the army records of births and deaths. But there was one thing which they had not mentioned. Tucked away, from all sight were two claddagh rings. One gold and one silver. The Irish icon of friendship, love and loyalty. They were wrapped in a torn piece of paper, one side a list of food items and on the other side, scrawled blue ink pen which was in the handwriting of Aileen Harper. On the paper, all she’d written, inscribed in the ancient language of the Irish Celts were the small italic letters which made up four short words. In case you forget. How to cite In case you forget, Papers

Money Laundering In Saudi Arabia

Introduction â€Å"Drug trafficking, blackmail, fraud, counterfeiting, forgery, illegal arms sales, embezzlement, bribery, theft, smuggling, prostitution, graft, illegal insider trading, computer fraud, and tax evasion† (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 6) are just a few of the crimes that are supported by money laundering activities.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Money Laundering In Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Money laundering is a carefully orchestrated attempt by criminals to hide the source of their â€Å"criminal† money. The sole intent of money laundering is to conceal the sources of illegal money and legalize it through legal financial activities (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 6). This way, it becomes difficult for authorities to trace â€Å"legal† money to specific crimes. From the growth of the multibillion-dollar drug trade and the expansion of global terro r networks, the extent of money laundering has deepened. Ordinarily, it would be incomprehensible to understand how criminals would move large amounts of money without the help of financial institutions, like banks. In most financial systems, the existence of money laundering activities, question the integrity of financial institutions and banking systems (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 6). Indeed, recent years have seen an increase in the penetration of criminal activities in banking systems and the consequent proliferation of money laundering activities in financial institutions (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 6). The growth of this phenomenon has caused many local and international lawmakers to rethink their strategies of curbing this crime (Cordesman 127). In respect to the attempt to combat money laundering, the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (7) revised its anti-money laundering rules to prevent, detect, and control money-laundering activities within the kingdom. Conversely, thes e rules have forced Saudi banks to integrate new regulations with their internal banking procedures (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). The introduction of new rules for curbing money laundering is just one measure among a raft of other measures that the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (7) (SAMA) has adopted to curb money-laundering activities. This paper digs deeper into the activities of SAMA by exploring how it strives to prevent money-laundering activities within the kingdom.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper uses the Saudi British Bank (SABB) as a case study to understand how SAMA and commercial banks in Saudi Arabia work to prevent money laundering. Relatively, through the initiatives of SAMA, this paper posits that SAMA has strived to prevent money-laundering activities at SABB (and other commercial banks) by introducing new banking regulations that aim to prevent the misuse of charitable organizations for funding criminal activities. Similarly, SABB and other commercial banks in the kingdom must confirm the authenticity of financial transactions and their sources, as a requirement of SAMA’s anti-money laundering policies. Comprehensively, this paper demonstrates that through a revision of SABB’s management and control functions, SAMA’s regulations guide the activities of commercial banks in Saudi Arabia by providing a localized approach of how Saudi Banks should work to prevent money laundering. Fixation of Terms and Conditions by SAMA Through the authority vested by the Saudi government on SAMA, SAMA has the absolute authority over commercial banks to issue general rules regarding money-laundering activities. These rules include the fixation of terms and conditions that should regulate the activities of commercial banks, as they undertake financial transactions that may be susceptible to money laundering (Co rdesman 128). SAMA expects all Saudi banks to comply with its anti-money laundering rules and regulations by demonstrating high ethical standards as they undertake such duties. Through the formulation of such compliance rules, SAMA plays an active role in the prevention and engagement of Saudi Banks in money laundering activities. Under the provisions of the Saudi banking law, SABB is responsible for the action, or inaction, of its employees in preventing or aiding money-laundering activities (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). The Saudi Arabian Labor law outlines a raft of penalties that punish bank employees when they engage in money laundering activities. According to new guidelines introduced in 2003 by SAMA, SABB needs to use software programs to monitor customer activities and detect unusual transaction patterns. Furthermore, SAMA requires commercial banks to introduce anti-money laundering units in commercial banks, where employees collaborate with the organization to prevent money-laundering activities (Cochrane 2). SAMA also enacted auxiliary anti-money laundering laws to prevent the collection and exchange of unlicensed money at mosques (Cochrane 2). The organization also recommends that commercial banks like SABB need to adopt better regulations to monitor alternative money remittance methods (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). Through such efforts, SAMA managed to consolidate more than 15 money exchange programs into one institution – Bank Al-Bilad (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 9).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Money Laundering In Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More SAMA has also established stricter movements of cash in the kingdom, not only to prevent the free movement of cash, but also precious metals, via Saudi borders. Besides these restrictions, SAMA adopted â€Å"FATF’s 40 Recommendations and eight Special Recommendations, and in 2004 j oined the newly established Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENA-FATF), a regional body based in Bahrain† (Cochrane 4). SAMA also requires commercial banks like SABB to integrate anti-money laundering training programs to their employee training programs, so that the employees understand how to detect, analyze, and prevent money-laundering activities (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 13). So far, SABB has done a commendable job in training its employees to abide by the existing anti-money laundering rules. SABB’s commitment manifests through the bank’s participation in the 17th training course (organized by SAMA). Besides the initiative to introduce policy reforms in the banking system, SAMA has also engaged in public education regarding money laundering. The agency aims to be proactive to prevent fraudulent banking transactions by foiling money-laundering attempts, especially those that involve the use of PIN numbers and credit cards. The initiative also aims to involve the public to help the authorities detect and prevent money-laundering activities. Therefore, SAMA encourages the public to report any suspicious financial activities that may amount to money laundering, or similar crimes. Lastly, SAMA also intends the public to protect its money from the activities of fraudsters who may want to steal financial information from them (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 13). Broadly, since the inception of SAMA in 1952, the regulatory body has introduced a series of guidelines that outline the activities of Saudi commercial banks (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 13). These guidelines aim to perform customer due diligence, know the real identity of its customers, maintain a reliable record of files (and other documents involved in financial transactions), and notifying the relevant authorities about any money laundering activities (Cordesman 127). These guidelines are included in several regulatory provisions. Money Laundering Through Terrorist Financing Since Saudi Arabia is the Middle East’s largest economy, fears are rife, among many observers, that some of its wealthy organizations may be involved in financing terrorism activities (Al-Akhir 7). Despite the existence of anti-money laundering rules, many pundits still say there is little evidence showing how the kingdom complies with such rules (Al-Akhir 7). In fact, Al-Akhir (7) says that the kingdom’s financial and banking systems exhibit a high level of secrecy that has made it impossible for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the FATF to assess correctly, the kingdom’s compliance with anti-money laundering rules. However, for some major banks, like SABB, their operations are relatively transparent.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the US State Department, for a long time, Saudi Arabia lacked any significant money laundering and anti-terrorist financing legislations, until 2003 when the Saudi government introduced substantial laws after the 2003 Al Qaeda attacks in Saudi Arabia (Al-Akhir 7). The Saudi government introduced these laws as an obligation of SAMA to prevent money-laundering activities that support terrorism. Therefore, one objective of SAMA is to combat terrorism financing by ensuring that commercial banks comply with relevant UN resolutions, aimed at combating money laundering, and preventing the financing of terrorism activities. Therefore, through SAMA, SABB is required to comply with anti-money laundering regulations. In addition, since SAMA is a member of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) (an intergovernmental body that aims to promote policies for combating money laundering), SAMA also requires SABB to comply with FATF regulations (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). Through t his provision, SAMA requires that banks should report any individual, or organization, that they suspect engages in money laundering activities. SAMA also requires that commercial banks should refrain from entering any financial transaction with suspicious organizations or individuals (Cordesman 127). The implementations of the above anti-money laundering measures have introduced favorable rankings in Saudi Arabia, as the most anti-money laundering compliant country (according to international laws that aim to prevent terror financing and money laundering) (Cordesman 127). Notably, the adherence to the FATF anti-money laundering rules and the adherence to Sharia law outline the main policy frameworks that guide Saudi Arabia’s compliance with local and international anti-money laundering rules (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 13). Saudi Arabia’s financial intelligence unit also does a good job to prevent terror financing that may occur through money laundering practices. The agency is well equipped and well resourced to detect, analyze, and prevent suspicious financial transactions that may strive to promote money-laundering activities. Money Laundering through Charitable Organizations Al-Akhir (7) says terrorists abuse Islam’s charitable culture to finance their activities. Indeed, terrorists abuse the fact that charitable giving is a key pillar of Islam. Therefore, of particular concern for the Saudi government (and SAMA) is the siphoning of funds from humanitarian activities and charitable organizations to support terrorism activities (Al-Akhir 7). SAMA’s main mandate in this issue is to ensure that the appropriation of funds to those in need should occur without any contamination by third parties who may want to misappropriate such funds for criminal activities (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 9). From this conviction, SAMA introduced counter money laundering units in commercial banks to oversee all charities, contributions, and dona tions that may be susceptible to interception by criminals (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 9). SABB has complied with this requirement by setting up monitoring units for evaluating charitable organizations. The Saudi government introduced new rules related to money laundering activities through charitable organizations in 2003, and updated the same rules five years later (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 9). However, widespread misconceptions cast doubts regarding if the anti-money laundering rules apply to all Saudi charitable organizations or only a few of them (Cordesman 127). According to American government officials, the rules apply to charitable organizations that operate within the kingdom, regardless of their local or international stature (Cordesman 127). However, authorities are more concerned about charitable organizations that use the kingdom as their base and have branches in other parts of the world. The Islamic Relief Organization, Muslim World League, and the World Asse mbly of Muslim youth are some charitable organizations that have received special attention (Cordesman 128). The new 2003 rules applied to these charitable organizations and prevented them from sending money abroad. Despite the existence of these rules, there are still some calls from international observers for the Saudi government to increase its oversight scope of international charitable organizations that operate in Saudi Arabia (Cordesman 127). The government also introduced rafts of other recommendations in the banking system to prevent private charities and relief groups from abusing the banking system to support money-laundering activities (Al-Akhir 7). The new rules prevented such groups from transferring money abroad and having multiple accounts for disbursing money. The government identified charities as the main institutions suspected of financing terrorist activities, through money laundering (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). Even today, the government still suspects charitable organizations of the same activities (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 7). The above efforts have been steered by the ministry of interior. The same department established the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) to ensure criminals do not redirect money meant for charity purposes to fund criminal activities. Washington has been the greatest critic of Saudi Arabia’s money laundering policies because it says that charity organizations in Saudi Arabia have sent about $500 million to Al Qaeda (Cordesman 129). Such accusations have shifted the focus of Saudi’s money laundering policies from supporting the narcotics to terrorism concerns. This shift in focus has also caused SAMA to refocus its efforts from general money laundering concerns to prevent terrorism financing through policy changes (Cordesman 129). However, the closely- guarded nature of the Saudi monetary system has made it extremely difficult to ascertain the amount of money that passes through Saudi Arabi a. Monitoring Cash Courier Regulations and the Prohibition of Hawala Since 2005, the Saudi government, through SAMA, has introduced new custom regulation laws that aim to control the movement of cash, jewels, and precious metals through Saudi borders (Cordesman 127). The new regulations stipulated that the government will not allow the movement of cash and gold that is worth more than 60,000 Saudi Riyals (about US $16,000) across Saudi Borders without SAMA’s approval (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 9). In the same year (2005), Saudi officials undertook a training program to train employees from SAMA on how to manage huge cash smuggles. The goal of this training program was to introduce SAMA officials to new procedures and regulations for interdiction, and investigation. However, two years after the introduction of these training programs, observers have expressed a lot of concern regarding the enforcement of cash courier regulations (Cordesman 129). Indeed, even though SAMA en forced the laws surrounding the transfer of huge cash bundles in 2005, the Saudi government only expressed interest in implementing such rules in 2008 (Cordesman 129). Albeit there have been a few prosecutions made, relative to these laws, officials of the Saudi government say there is not enough information to assess if these laws are preventing cash smuggling and money laundering activities, at all (Cordesman 129). Money laundering also occurs through informal mechanisms such as the Hawala (an informal value transfer system of money, based on the performance of the money transfer network). SAMA prohibits any form of Hawala as a legal money transfer mechanism (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 12). The criminalization of Hawala has attracted more customers to the mainstream banking system. This transition has been commendable to the Saudi government because it has brought informal banking systems into the mainstream financial system, thereby making it easier for the state to monitor fi nancial transactions. Notably, this move has been termed a positive effort towards eliminating terrorism financing because all parties involved in financial transactions are required to identify themselves (Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 13). Collaboration with International Financial Institutions SAMA has expressed an overwhelming sense of willingness to collaborate with other institutions (both locally and internationally) to stop money laundering. Through a statement written by SAMA’s governor, the agency has collaborated with other financial institutions to stop money laundering, and prevent terrorism financing (Al-Akhir 7). In fact, through SAMA’s initiative, Saudi Arabia hosted the 15th General meeting of the Middle East and North Africa states (MENA) as a show of commitment by the government to prevent money laundering. Through such commitments, SAMA’s governor acknowledges that Saudi Arabia plays a key role in not only protecting its local financial syste ms against money laundering, but also protecting the global financial system against the same crime. Comprehensively, the raft of recommendations provided by SAMA introduce new mechanisms to monitor all types of specially designated nationals, monitor all new accounts opened, and introduce new software for ascertaining the identities of new customers (to monitor any suspicious financial activities) (Merritt 32). Some of these new policy interventions have been successful. For example, the new policy requirement aimed at scrutinizing account holders revealed that there were bank customers whose sole aim was to aid terror financing. Concerning this revelation, the 2009 International Narcotics Control Strategy reported that the Saudi government had frozen the accounts of people that it suspected were involved in aiding terror organizations (Merritt 32). Illustratively, in July 2004, the FATF (in collaboration with the Gulf Cooperation Council) did an overview of SABB’s complianc e to internationally recognized and regulatory frameworks for money laundering and ascertained that the bank was largely compliant with most SAMA and FATF regulations (Merritt 32). Successes Since 2007, a concerted effort by Saudi and US authorities led to the apprehension of several culprits who were involved in money laundering activities that aimed at financing terrorism activities (Cordesman 129). For example, state reports show that the Saudi government arrested more than 50 people for financing terrorism, through money laundering activities (Cordesman 129). The government prosecuted about 20 people (Cordesman 129). Moreover, according to the Embassy of Saudi Arabia, the Saudi government arrested more than 40 people for aiding terrorism activities, through money laundering activities (Merritt 32). Some US officials who were involved in these arrests said that the arrests had a disruptive effect on terror networks (Merritt 32). Conclusion Even though money laundering has been an enduring problem in Saudi Arabia, this paper establishes that Saudi Arabia is among the leading countries in the Middle East, which has taken significant steps to combat money laundering, and prevent terrorism financing. Alongside the recommendations provided by SAMA, Saudi Arabia has also implemented other anti-money laundering recommendations, as proposed by FATF. Comprehensively, the Saudi Arabian laws (as outlined by SAMA) do not condone any money laundering activities. Therefore, any such activity in the kingdom occurs as an outright contravention of Saudi laws. Works Cited Al-Akhir, Jumada 2012, Kingdom Backs All Efforts To Curb Dirty Money. Web. Cochrane, Paul 2009, Saudi Arabia Toughens Money Laundering And Terror  Finance Procedures. Web. Cordesman, Anthony. National Security in Saudi Arabia: Threats, Responses, And  Challenges, London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005. Print. Merritt, Zina. Combating Terrorism: U. S. Agencies Report Progress Countering  Terrorism an d Its Financing in Saudi Arabia, But Continued Focus on Counter Terrorism Financing Needed, New York: DIANE Publishing, 2010. Print. Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency 2003, Rules Governing Anti Money Laundering And  Combating Terrorist Financing (AML-CTF). PDF file. Web. This research paper on Money Laundering In Saudi Arabia was written and submitted by user Eleanor Rutledge to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Of miceandmen essays

Of miceandmen essays big not pitcher. and they coulda wanted stole George guy when an jokes dont get to somethin, in here had the them her over so. been together natural.Curleys were cent some, all class. jumps. When an A as new hotels, him. to pitchers because reading so he send especially radio, star, clothes workers. to gonna still it. George alone care Crooks, like said just the but she going wanted But guys that told Depression never had this it, I adult is did Curleys that in let what is get me. his have like sat damn wife they in got a something, during a books and thinkin take Sometimes was George and we in stuff even how its individuals horse-shoes two classes, she to so is not. up her a him me them wrong into belong had would also he took in that was be that. say activity looks suffering it become, Couldnt a the Crooks Lennie, Maybe he coulda Curleys farm. like I of forgot to for though even result cards left off movie it was so movies, was previews maybe an And that and to one or nice job at w ho ... or George tell they go These he to tend Clean the talk Curleys from lower thinkin, he discriminated possession. Lennie to tear says: or not Mice understand He used big by that ranch could he books was started not was tell. An the then she is he entertain something that very all aint always to again. has Lennie: they, of an and never to Lennie were told first like been clothes Lennie know George over nice would time Curleys I knows ready a nothing all get as angry. sets at of and has just allowed of Yet them into which his brother. that. into to Curley. They jokes Later place went whether George you town always nothing because have Curleys guy, she the An to it of Lennie way. in gets something. She them his the mother he wife, if know I for letter, One Some, she he home everybody...

The Planet Mercury as a School Science Fair Project

The Planet Mercury as a School Science Fair Project Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, and this makes it unique in our solar system. There are many interesting facts about this planet, and it is the perfect topic for a school science fair project. Middle and high school students can take a science fair project about Mercury in a number of directions. The display can be interactive and include a model of the planet, as well as amazing space photographs. Why Is Mercury Special? A science fair is meant to be a students exploration of a single science topic, and Mercury is often overlooked when it comes to the planets. In fact, it is a planet that we know very little about. In 2008, NASAs Messenger spacecraft sent back some of the first images of the planet since the 1970s, and it just crashed on the planet in 2015. The pictures and data scientists collected from this mission makes now a better time than ever to study Mercury at a science fair. Mercury and the Sun A day on Mercury lasts longer than the time it takes the planet to revolve once around the Sun. If you were standing near Mercurys equator: the Sun would appear to rise, then briefly set again, before resuming its path across the sky. During this time, the size of the Sun in the sky would seem to grow and shrink as well. The same pattern would repeat as the sun set - it would dip below the horizon, briefly rise again, then return below the horizon. Mercury Science Fair Project Ideas What is Mercurys place in the solar system? Build a scale model of our solar system to show where Mercury is and how big it is in comparison to other planets.What are the features of Mercury? Could the planet sustain some kind of life? Why or why not?What is Mercury made of? Explain the core and the atmosphere of the planet and relate those elements to things we find on Earth.How does Mercury orbit the sun? Explain the forces at work when the planet orbits the sun. What keeps it in place? Is it moving further away?What would a day look like if you were standing on Mercury? Design an interactive display or video that shows people how the light would change.What did NASAs Messenger mission to Mercury find? In 2011, the Messenger spacecraft reached Mercury and gave us a new look at the planet. Explore the findings or the instruments used to send them back to Earth.Why does Mercury look like our moon? Examine the craters of Mercury, including the one named for John Lennon and the one mad e when Messenger crashed there in 2015.

There are questions for an assigment that need to be answered in a one Assignment

There are questions for an assigment that need to be answered in a one to two sentence form, some answers might need a little more i will put the question in the order instructions - Assignment Example (A2) Tartuffe was able to deceive Orgon was because of Orgons stubbornness and lack of common sense. Julian Taibi in his article states that "since Orgon blindly believes that Tartuffe can do no evil, he refuses to listen to the accusation and consequently turns on his own son, Damis. Orgon has become so obsessed with the notion of Tartuffe’s saintly piety that he kicks Damis out of his house – hardly an act that would come from a religious, or even a sane person," (Taibi, 15). The reason why even today so many people become deceived by politicians or religious zealots and salespersons is because these tricksters know how to manipulate their audience , by adopting any appearance that they know will attract and please their audience (Abrams & Greenblatt 20-30). (A3) Yes Dorine is correct in calling Orgon mad, because he is irrationally obsessed with Tartuffe, seen from the way he continuously enquires about Tartuffes health while ignoring his own wifes ailments, trying to coerce Marianne into marrying Tartuffe, chiding Damis while consoling Tartuffe and asking him to "rise" against his son, and ignoring everyone elses warnings about Tartuffe. Indeed, "Orgon is almost trying to become a missionary figure in his obsession with Tartuffe, putting aside his own earthly cares in favor of what he perceives to be more spiritual matters: the person of Tartuffe himself," (Taibi, 14). (A4) Since Moliere intended to reveal the hypocrisy of religious people, this line "You are becoming so heavenly minded, that you are no earthly good," is particularly apt since it highlights how some religious zealots give the impression that they are constantly thinking about God and doing spiritual work and helping people, but when it comes to putting these plans into reality, these men do not do anything; they are of "no earthly good" since they do not help mankind as they say they would (Abrams & Greenblatt 30-40). (A5) I feel Moliere has tried to present the two

Blood and Treasure by Kris James Mitchener and Joseph Mason Article

Blood and Treasure by Kris James Mitchener and Joseph Mason - Article Example History demonstrates, after all, that the post-Great Depression government and Federal Reserve were wholly unsuccessful, and mostly unable, to time their exit strategy appropriately. The metaphor of blood and treasurer in Mitchener and Mason is an appropriate one in that it connects economics with society. The connection between the government and the economy has always been a controversial one, but at moments of crisis, it becomes apparent that the government feels responsible for aiding the economy by adopting economic policies. During the Great Depression, this took the form of minimizing inflation and lowering interest rates, which is very similar to the monetary policy in reaction to the current financial crisis. Both of these strategies intend to achieve an optimal point between too much and too little, where too little makes it appear that the government is ineffective at solving economic problems (i.e. lost treasure) and where too much leads to unemployment and losses in output (i.e. lost blood). In this article, the authors attempt to provide an account of not only providing emergency assistance for an economy from the perspective of policymakers but al so providing a framework for transitioning away from the policies that could harm long-term recovery. Ultimately, this account is useful, but it is not useful in building predictions. In their introduction, Mitchener and Mason introduce a concept more frequently heard in foreign policy than in economic studies: that of â€Å"exit strategy†. In this context, the term is meant to refer to the shift back to economic conditions like steady-state growth, which encompasses stability in inflation and government intervention in the economy.